How Gender Role Impacts on Identity Essay - 930 Words

When contemplating the topic of gender role and its impact on identity one cannot help but realise that these gender roles have a huge part to play on a person’s identity. As gender is a combination of male and female it gives way for a number of characteristics to accompany each sex making them different from each other. This has an important position to play on identity which Kath Woodward stated in her book â€Å"Questioning Identity: Gender, Class, Nation† where she said â€Å"Without difference there would not be such thing as identity†. (Woodward, 2000, pp.51) Unfortunately, however, with these differences there are inequalities. In this essay I would like to elaborate on this further by looking at the meaning of gender and how it impacts†¦show more content†¦Gender can be described as â€Å"the social attributes associated with being a woman or a man in a particular society† (Woodward, 2000, pp.47) A person’s gender is then determine d by their sex which is â€Å"a biological classification†. (Woodward, 2000, pp.47) As gender is a social attribute the identities of people of different genders vary from society to society. For example, in many religions, women do not have place in the rituals of the religion as it is simply only for men to do. (Chryssides and Geaves, 2013, pp.331) As religions were formed in certain cultures this shows a clear divide caused by gender roles based on the cultural origin of the religion but also shows that this has an impact on the identities of the male and female members of the religion. This being that the males feel they have more authority over the females of the religion. A lot of inequality among the sexes is simply based on stereotypes. Stereotypes can be explained as â€Å"one-sided and exaggerated images of men and women which are deployed repeatedly in everyday life†. (Scott and Marshal, 2009, pp. 279) A great example of stereotypical sexist views is portray ed in the humours video of the character Ali G who interviewed a lady about her views on feminism. In this video he seems to be making fun of some sexist notions such as the idea of people being uncomfortable about flying in a plane piloted by a femaleShow MoreRelatedThere Comes A Time In Life Where We Finally Reach A Point1683 Words   |  7 Pagesfor each gender that they are expecting. A feminine floral pink baby shower for a girl or a blue, masculine one for a boy. As much as we want to say that things are better now and the roles seem to be more open, it is still very present that people, especially parents, tend to want their kids to take on a certain personality or interests that correlates to how they see gender roles and where their gender attitude lies because that is the way society taught up to think. The term gender and sex tendRead MoreSocio Cultural influences on sexuality809 Words   |  4 Pagessexuality is the culture or society that person is from and their expectations of sexual behavior. Gender identity, their roles, and stereotypes associated with a person’s gender also play a part. Finally the psychological impacts of these expectations and how commercial sex influences expectations and perceptions of sexuality should be explored. Gender Identity and Gender Roles Gender identity is â€Å"one’s subjective sense of being a man (or boy) or a woman (or girl). This sense is usually acquiredRead MoreIntersectionality And Social Interequality1578 Words   |  7 PagesIntersectionality is defined as the idea that social identities are created based on the manner in which our multiple group identities intersect. Intersectionality as a theory asserts that each element of identity is linked together to form one individual’s identification. The term intersectionality was created by feminist legal scholar Kimberlà © Williams Crenshaw. Her discovery of the term led her to find that through these elements of identity we can uncover social standing and also recognize systemicRead MoreInfluence of Media and Culture on Self Image1724 Words   |  7 Pagesnecessarily have a positive impact on society and self image. Media content despite its public charge does not exactly mirror real self image. Mass communication with television ads and movies offer an unrealistic view of the everyday person in various aspects of life. Media can have a positive or negative influence on culture and the way people view their lives compared to those in the public eye. There is much speculation about how the media can affect self-concept, self-identities and self-evaluationsRead MoreSociety s Effect On Society1419 Words   |  6 PagesPeople dream and long for the day where they can fulfill the â€Å"American† dream where they settle down with someone of the opposite gender, fall in love, get married, and eventually try for a baby. People wait for nine-months of long and hard obstacles to finally meet their baby boy or baby girl. One cannot help but have a certain mindset already placed for each gender that they are expecting. Many people are going to want to the choice to identify with what they are comfortable with due to the factRead MoreEffect Of Gender And Gender Representation On Media1735 Words   |  7 PagesThe effec t of gender and gender representation in media has been widely researched in various academic disciplines, including anthropology and communication studies. Similar gender role expectations are not just restricted to Western culture either. A study on gender representation in East Asian advertising by Michael Prieler is a demonstration of the influence of gendered communication. The research examines the male and female representation in the advertising of East Asian countries like HongRead MoreAnalysis Of Alison Lester s 2009-2010 Book Series1312 Words   |  6 Pagesinvestigate if representations continue to construct and naturalise ‘traditionally acceptable models of gender’ in contemporary Australian children’s literature. Research background: Since the 1970s, there has been a significant increasing in academic interest surrounding gender in children’s literature. Peter Hunt (2009) argues literature has gained academic focus as society comes to recognise how it can shape it â€Å"in fundamental and long-lasting ways† (15-16). This is particularly true of children’sRead MoreBrainwashing Youth : How Advertising Influences Children On Gender Images1496 Words   |  6 Pages Brainwashing Youth: How Advertising Influences Children on Gender Images For advertising companies, the topic of advertising to children is one that is very controversial and could lead to a lot of debate on whether it is even ethical to do so. None the less advertisements continue to be aired and targeted towards a particularly vulnerable group: children. At a young age it is a critical time for children. They are not only developing their mental and physical capabilities, but they are also developingRead MoreThe Issue Of Gender Roles883 Words   |  4 Pagespretty, the parents implement and adopt unintentionally the gender roles imposed by society, and this is generally done really early in one’s lifetime. Gender roles are referred to as norms, which â€Å"dictates what types of behavior are generally considered acceptable, appropriate or desirable for a person based on their actual or perceived sex.† The term gender role is referred to society’s concept of how men and women are expected to act and how they should behave. Since the beginning of time, girls haveRead MoreGender Roles Of Early Childhood Development932 Words   |  4 PagesGender Roles in Early Childhood Development In a society filled with gender stereotypes, children often adopt gender roles as they move from childhood to adolescence because of the many factors that influence their views to the point they will deny certain roles because it does not fit the gender bias. During the early years, boys and girls will usually be drawn towards gender specific activities. Playing house for example, they little boy will imitate going to work, while the little girl will imitate

Yawning Anthropology and Healthy Functional Person Free Essays

Ryan Casey Anthropology in the News Contagious Yawning Contagious yawning is something you can’t control. Infants after 11 weeks after birth start yawning and study’s say that around the age of four, children start to develop â€Å"contagious yawning†. Doctors use this to see if the child has a disorder such as autism. We will write a custom essay sample on Yawning: Anthropology and Healthy Functional Person or any similar topic only for you Order Now What the doctors would do is see if the child response to someone else’s yawn. If the child does respond then they would know if the child’s brain is functioning right. This is a good way for doctors of even parents to pick up if there kid has something wrong. The contagious yawning theory would be part of the social and cultural subfield of anthropology. Contagious yawning would represent social anthropology because it shows the way in which the body works and how it response to certain moves and actions that other people makes. Also, it would prove to be in the cultural subfield because it shows a pattern in the human body. Humans are not the only species that yawn. Study’s shown that all vertebrates yawn such as snakes and lizards. But only humans, chimpanzees and sometimes dogs had shown that they respond to other people yawning, known as contagious yawning. People have been yawning for as long as humans have been around. This shows that yawing and contagious yawning is in the human culture, and a sign of social bonding. Contagious yawning would be more proven in human biology because it is a reaction of the body when the brain recognize someone else yawn, it sets off a trigger in your brain that makes someone looking at someone yawning also yawn. Anthropology provides vital knowledge and information in this case of contagious yawning. This is shown in the story when they mention how the body develops overtime and when young infants at an early age of four show signs of contagious yawning. Also, it tells us how some primates and all vertebrates also devolve the theory contagious yawning. Contagious yawning is a shown is something that a healthy functional person cannot control. It is shown in the social and cultural subfields of anthropology and shows facts to support human culture, human biology and human history. Anthropology provides facts and knowledge about contagious yawning. How to cite Yawning: Anthropology and Healthy Functional Person, Papers

Logistics Management for Inter Modal Transport- MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theLogistics Management for Inter Modal Freight Transport. Answer: Introduction The aim of this study is to understand the concept of Inter modal Freight Transport in Australia. There will be discussion on the logistic management of the company. It is the fact that the logistics management plays a vital role in the management of the company and delivery of the products and goods to the customers. The growth and development of any business organization is partially dependent on the supply chain and logistics management of the company. If any organization wants to bring improvement in their company related to the logistics management then they have to bring innovation and bring changes in the same by applying the Inter modal Freight Transport that will be discussed in this study (Stock, Boyer, and Harmon, 2010). It is one by the managers of the company who are in charge of transportation of goods and produce from one place to another. The present research will focus on the importance of logistics management in the business organization and analyze that how a company can resolve its problems related to the same by applying effective modal and approaches to the same. It directly affects the performance of the company and productivity of the supply chain management a company whose supply chain management and logistics is strong can enjoy competitive advantage by making the products and goods available in the market required by the customers (Selviaridis, and Spring, 2007). It also help in the reduction of cost, provide best services to the customers, time saving, valuable data and information, manage the delivery of performance, provide best services, balance saving, keep the performance at high level, and help in attracting the customers. The company on which the research will be done is Maritime container services that are a servicing company of the containers, shipping and transport in Australia. Intermodal Freight Transport The intermodal freight transport is related to the transport of freight that is goods, or produce for the commercial gain by using varies types of modes of transportation like train, rail, track, ship, etc. Without the handling of the freight when the mode changes. This is a method that helps in reduction of security, damage, loss and allows the transportation of the freight very fast (Rubio, Chamorro, and Miranda, 2008). The key benefit of these types of transport is that it removes and reduces the cost of road trucking for the intercontinental use. It also reduces the time for the transportation of the goods and produces. It is very convenient, cheap and time saving methods of transporting goods from one place to another. This type of transportation was initiated in the 18th century using the railway lines in which the containers of goods and products of coal, oil, and other things were transported form one place to another using this freight transport. The containers are transport ed from one place to another are also known as intermodal container as they have been defined by ISO (Miles, and Snow, 2007). They are the main equipment of this Inter modal Freight Transport. There are various types of containers like container gantry crane, straddle carriers, grappler lift, reach stackers, side lifters, forklift trucks, flatbed trucks, and many other depending on the needs, mode and material that are required to be transport (Carter, and Rogers, 2008). There are different types of transportation modes used in Inter modal Freight Transport Container ships Railways Trucks Barges Land bridges Planes Pipelines An Overview of the Company Maritime Container Service The company Maritime container service that is a servicing company including the transportation of containers, shipping of goods and produces and transport in Sydney, Australia. The company is one of the oldest independent organizations that deals in intermodal terminal and shipping of goods and service. It also provides container storage facility. The mission and vision of the company is to provide commitment to the customers and satisfaction to the same (Stock, Boyer, and Harmon, 2010). They promise that they will continue provide high quality of services that are cost effective related to the freight and container storage. The company is dealing with this business for over last 41 years. The company continuously strives to work with the big industries, stakeholders and government so that they can improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the logistics supply chain in Australia (Wagner, and Bode, 2008). The commitment given by this company to the industry is that they want to pr ovide cost effective solutions related to the logistics management by providing services and products of premium quality at their intermodal terminal located in Sydney. The capacity of the company is 18,500 TEUs container handling storage which is so high as compared to other companies present in the industry (Fawcett, Magnan, and McCarter, 2008). The company also has license for the goods that are dangerous to handle. The company has the caliber to easily meet the needs and requirements of the customers. The Problems Faced by the Company with the Current Logistics Network in Sydney There are various problems faced by the company with the current logistics network in Sydney as there are various competitors present in the same city. The competition leads to various types of challenges to the company due to which the company has to change and adopt new policies in the business organization (Attaran, and Attaran, 2007). It is the fact that competition in not as compared to the other industries but still the company is trying to curb the competition by bringing innovation and framing such strategies that can help the company to solve the same. The company Maritime container service contends with the dips in the rates of the freight, slow growth and development in the economic growth, new regulations passed by the government, overcapacity, undue orders, etc. the development of the company also increase the challenges related to the exports, imports, port operations and freight carriers. The top mind concern for this company is is related to the new international mandate that require containers shipped using ocean carriers so that the company has diverse ways to perform the operations (Green, elbst, Meacham, and Bhadauria, 2012). The company is facing problems related to the investment and finance in the city of Sydney due to which they are unable to explain the business to an international level. They want to manage the expected outcomes related to the megaships, competitions and expansion of the business operations. Major Problems There are five major problems faced by Maritime container service as it is one of the diverse topic that are Ever Changing the needs of the Customers Now the era has changed where the needs and wants of the customers van be judged or remain the same (Leinbach, 2007). The solution related to logistics and the involvement of technology in the logistics and supply chain management of the cm On time Delivery It is the big challenge to the company who are dealing is transport business. the situation with Maritime container service is that they have de work from past 10 months which they are unable to cover up as the containers and vessels take at least 2 weeks to arrive from the local locations and it take months to return from the international locations (Zhang, Song, and Huang, 2009). The average time for the pickup from the terminal is 15 days.thi sis just one example for some locations. Due to this the company and its orders remain in pending and provide challenges to keep the delivery of the products and goods at time (Bauer, Bekta?, and Crainic, 2010). The customers have become more interconnected that will increase the problem for the companies. Infrastructure Infrastructure is the biggest problems faced by these companies as they need proper systematic infrastructure (Tummala, and Schoenherr, 2011). The major problems in infrastructure in the developing countries are related to the handling of containers, placement of containers, etc. Recommendations and Resolution of the Problems Five Technical Problems Faced by Maritime Container Service and their Solution They are unable to get the US port for the megaships so the company has to tie up with one company that can help them for the same (Crainic, Gendreau, and Potvin, 2009). They can also ask for the government support as the development in the country will lead to the benefits for their business organisation also. The company wants to comply with the new SOLAS weight certification mandate so they have to start research for the same and find relevant data through which they can apply for this kind of certification (Sanchez Rodrigues, Stantchev, Potter, Naim, and Whiteing, 2008). If the compilation is not easy then they have to find ways so that SOLAS weight certification become possible. The company is prioritizing the freight investment. It is very relevant for the company as freight is the major concern for the business organization further investments will lead o expansion in the business as well as the supply that is pending form last 10 months will become possible in the future (Konings, 2008). In this way, the company will combat with two problems that are overdue supply and expansion of the business. The company is also trying to negotiate the disputes taking place between the labor and with the company by providing them opportunity to speak for their rights (Stahlbock, and Vo, 2008). There are various issues between the workforces as they are diversified. This is the major concern for the company as conflict leads to major loss in the company. The company is finding effective ways so that solution can be found. The solution should be performance and it must have solved the problems related to the workforce conflict and strikes form the labor. The company is also contending with the consolidation with the industry. But it can be done only with the help of the government. In such parts, there is a need to goveremen support (Perego, Perotti, and Mangiaracina, 2011). This is due to the fact that government can help in providing all the relevant resources and other facilities in the company. Solution of the Problems if the Government Involved in the Problems There are various areas where there is a need of the government support special the business organisation that are dealing in export business, and multinational organization. This is due to the fact that the government support will help in providing the resources that are very much required to expand the business on an international level. The logistics management in Australia is managed by the supply chain and logistics association of austral (SCLAA) (De Jong, Vierth, Tavasszy, and Ben-Akiva, 2013). The supply chain and logistics association of austral (SCLAA) is one of the largest associations for the supply chain and logistics management. It can help the company to drive the competitive advantage. The companies are allowed to become the members of such association so that they can be aware about the coming policies related to the supply and logistics management in Australia. They provide various types of program like certified professional logistician (CPL) under which the companies can better understand the process of logistics management. In this way, this association can help the company Maritime container service in solving their problems. This association also has Energy efficiency program information that provides online opportunity and identification tool so that the company can receive funding from the Australian government and department of industry and science. Conclusion The conclusion on the present study is that the logistics management is used to enhance the performance of the organization. It shows that growth and development is taking place in the company as it has a strong supply chain and logistics management. The company Maritime container service is one of the old companies dealing in the intermodal freight transport but still facing lots of issues and challenges in the same. The report has also putted some light on the solution to the problems that are faced by the company. The whole process is related to the company Maritime container service after all, we can conclude that the company is required to adopt various changes and will have to gone through the changes related to the logistics management. The present research has centralized the significance of logistics management in the business organization like Maritime container service. The stud has also investigated that how a company that deals in logistics management can resolve its problems related to the same by applying effective modal like Inter modal Freight Transport to the entire logistics management of the company as it directly create an impact on the performance of the company and its productivity of the supply chain management. it is well said that a company whose supply chain management and logistics is strong can enjoy competitive advantage by making the products and goods available in the market required by the customers (Selviaridis, and Spring, 2007). References Attaran, M. and Attaran, S., 2007. Collaborative supply chain management: the most promising practice for building efficient and sustainable supply chains.Business Process Management Journal,13(3), pp.390-404. Bauer, J., Bekta?, T. and Crainic, T.G., 2010. Minimizing greenhouse gas emissions in intermodal freight transport: an application to rail service design.Journal of the Operational Research Society,61(3), pp.530-542. Carter, C.R. and Rogers, D.S., 2008. A framework of sustainable supply chain management: moving toward new theory.International journal of physical distribution logistics management,38(5), pp.360-387. Crainic, T.G., Gendreau, M. and Potvin, J.Y., 2009. Intelligent freight-transportation systems: Assessment and the contribution of operations research.Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies,17(6), pp.541-557. De Jong, G., Vierth, I., Tavasszy, L. and Ben-Akiva, M., 2013. Recent developments in national and international freight transport models within Europe.Transportation,40(2), pp.347-371. Fawcett, S.E., Magnan, G.M. and McCarter, M.W., 2008. Benefits, barriers, and bridges to effective supply chain management.Supply Chain Management: An International Journal,13(1), pp.35-48. Green Jr, K.W., Zelbst, P.J., Meacham, J. and Bhadauria, V.S., 2012. Green supply chain management practices: impact on performance.Supply Chain Management: An International Journal,17(3), pp.290-305. Konings, J.W., 2008.The future of intermodal freight transport: operations, design and policy. Edward Elgar Publishing. Leinbach, T.R., 2007.Globalized freight transport: intermodality, e-commerce, logistics and sustainability. Edward Elgar Publishing. Miles, R.E. and Snow, C.C., 2007. Organization theory and supply chain management: An evolving research perspective.Journal of operations management,25(2), pp.459-463. Perego, A., Perotti, S. and Mangiaracina, R., 2011. ICT for logistics and freight transportation: a literature review and research agenda.International Journal of Physical Distribution Logistics Management,41(5), pp.457-483. Rubio, S., Chamorro, A. and Miranda, F.J., 2008. Characteristics of the research on reverse logistics (19952005).International journal of production research,46(4), pp.1099-1120. Sanchez Rodrigues, V., Stantchev, D., Potter, A., Naim, M. and Whiteing, A., 2008. Establishing a transport operation focused uncertainty model for the supply chain.International Journal of Physical Distribution Logistics Management,38(5), pp.388-411. Selviaridis, K. and Spring, M., 2007. Third party logistics: a literature review and research agenda.The International Journal of Logistics Management,18(1), pp.125-150. Stahlbock, R. and Vo, S., 2008. Operations research at container terminals: a literature update.OR spectrum,30(1), pp.1-52. Stock, J.R., Boyer, S.L. and Harmon, T., 2010. Research opportunities in supply chain management.Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,38(1), pp.32-41. Stock, J.R., Boyer, S.L. and Harmon, T., 2010. Research opportunities in supply chain management.Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,38(1), pp.32-41. Tummala, R. and Schoenherr, T., 2011. Assessing and managing risks using the supply chain risk management process (SCRMP).Supply Chain Management: An International Journal,16(6), pp.474-483. Wagner, S.M. and Bode, C., 2008. An empirical examination of supply chain performance along several dimensions of risk.Journal of business logistics,29(1), pp.307-325. Zhang, X., Song, H. and Huang, G.Q., 2009. Tourism supply chain management: A new research agenda.Tourism management,30(3), pp.345-358.

The relation between nature and men Essays - Civil Disobedience

The relation between nature and men Relation Between Nature and Men Nature is an eternal and essential theme in American literature. It gains its peak in Romantic period when the industry begins to spring up like mushroom and the environment is contaminated gradually. Henry David Thoreau is one of the most important prose writers of the 19th century in United States. As a representative of transcendentalism in that period, he expresses his views of nature mainly in Walden which provides one of the most passionate, affecting and philosophical evocations of the value of living simply and closing to nature. In 1845, Thoreau began his two-year residence at Walden Pond, putting the theory of transcendentalism and Emersons thoughts into practice. During that period of time Thoreaus sensitive harmony with all of nature was extraordinary. In his opinion, man is part of nature and man can co-exist with nature harmoniously. Today, he is regarded as one of major interpreters of nature as well as American environmental saint in American literary history. In the history of American literature, Thoreau encounters many different views of criticism. On his stage, he is not considered as a professional naturalist and his masterpiece Walden is not universally accepted and appreciated. But with the severity of environmental crisis and the rise of environmental movements, Thoreaus philosophy on nature and simple life embarks on drawing the publics attention. By discussing and analyzing his life background and Walden, it is clear to find his views of nature embodied and interpreted in Walden. His ideas about nature not only predict the arrival of environment crisis, but also indicate the direction which people should take in the future. All in all, Thoreau has left a great legacy to the world, pointing out some valuable implications for man. Therefore, it is necessary for man to positively take part in the army of environmental protection and courageously defend our mother like Thoreau because it is an effective way to protect and save our mother, the Earth. It is universally held that man is the ruler of nature. As a pure defender of nature, Thoreau objects it and gives the priority to the whole nature. In Thoreaus philosophy of nature, one prominent aspect is his belief that man is a part of nature who equals with nature. Returning to nature, namely, living a simple life is a popular slogan in Romantic period. Different from other transcendentalists, Thoreau goes so deep into nature that he becomes a naturalist. With his passion for nature, Thoreau, as a nature observer, begins to live in Walden Pond for more than two years. At Walden Pond, Thoreau leads a life free of materialistic pursuits, reduces his material requirements to the minimum and tries to be self-sufficient in everything. Such a practice convincingly calls upon man to live a simple life in nature. From Thoreaus perspective, if man wants to pursue the high quality and healthy life, he should return to nature and lead a simple life. While I enjoy the friendship of the seasons I trust that nothing can make life a burden to me. He also thinks that man who has inherited farms, houses, barns cattle, and farming tools is a fools life. Furthermore, human beings are born with the relationship with naturethey must eat, drink, and decompose within a natural environment. Nature is a permanent home. These thoughts can be found frequently in Walden. With the development of the industrial revolution and the emergence of modern science, mans desire for resources from nature increases rapidly. As man is an essential part of the nature, he should respect the nature and keep a harmonious relationship with nature. Viewed from every aspect, Thoreaus nature is a harmonious one. It is easy to see his impressive descriptions of nature in Walden such as some harmonious pictures. In the first days of September, when he sees two or three small leaves turned scarlet across the Pond, beneath where the white stems of three aspens diverged at the point of a promontory, next to water, nature itself appears to Thoreau to be a gallery. He advocates a perfect harmonious relationship with his Walden neighbors, the animals and plants. Through his own experiences, Thoreau expresses his confidence that man

Common Lacewings, Family Chrysopidae

Common Lacewings, Family Chrysopidae If youre a gardener, you are probably already familiar with the green lacewings. Members of the family Chrysopidae are beneficial insects whose larvae prey on soft-bodied pests, especially aphids. For this reason, common lacewings are sometimes called aphid lions. Description: The family name Chrysopidae derives from the Greek chrysos, meaning gold, and ops, meaning eye or face. Thats a pretty apt description of the common lacewings, most of which have copper-colored eyes. Lacewings in this group are nearly always green in body and wing color, so you may know them as the green lacewings, another common name. Adult lacewings have lacy wings, as you might have guessed, and they look transparent. If you place a Chrysopid wing under magnification, you should see short hairs along the edges and veins of each wing. Lacewings also have long, filiform antennae, and chewing mouthparts. Lacewing larvae look quite different from the adults. They have elongated, flattened bodies, which resemble tiny alligators. Theyre often brownish in color. Lacewing larvae also have large, sickle-shaped jaws, well designed for catching and devouring prey. Classification: Kingdom – AnimaliaPhylum – ArthropodaClass – InsectaOrder – NeuropteraFamily - Chrysopidae Diet: Lacewing larvae feed on other soft-bodied insects or arachnids, including aphids, mealybugs, mites, and Lepidoptera eggs. As adults, lacewings may consume a more varied diet. Some adults are entirely predaceous, while others supplement their diet with pollen (genus Meleoma) or honeydew (genus Eremochrysa). Life Cycle: Common lacewings undergo complete metamorphosis, with four life stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult. The life cycle varies in length according to species and environmental conditions. Most adults will live for 4-6 months. Before depositing an egg, the female lacewing produces a long, thin stalk, which she usually attaches to the underside of a leaf. She places an egg at the end of the stalk, so it is suspended from the plant. Some lacewings lay their eggs in groups, creating a small cluster of these filaments on a leaf, while others lay eggs singly. The filament is thought to provide some protection for the eggs, by keeping them out of reach of predators on the leaf surface. Generally, the larval stage may last several weeks, and usually requires three instars. Pupae may develop into adults in the safety of a silken cocoon attached to the underside of a leaf or on a stem, but some species pupate without a case. Common lacewings may overwinter as larvae, pupae, or adults, depending on the species. Some individuals are brown, rather than their usual green color, in the overwintering stage. Special Adaptations and Behaviors: In the larval stage, some species camouflage themselves by covering their bodies with debris (usually carcasses of their prey). Each time it molts, the larva must construct a new debris pile. Some lacewings will release a noxious, foul-smelling substance from a pair of glands on the prothorax when handled. Range and Distribution: Common or green lacewings may be found in grassy or weedy habitats, or on other foliage, worldwide. About 85 species inhabit North America, while over 1,200 species are known globally. Sources: Borror and Delongs Introduction to the Study of Insects, 7th edition, by Charles A. Triplehorn and Norman F. JohnsonChrysopidae, University of California-Riverside, accessed December 7, 2012Family Chrysopidae - Green Lacewings, Bugguide.net, accessed December 7, 2012

5 Steps to Increasing Your Emotional Intelligence at Work

5 Steps to Increasing Your Emotional Intelligence at Work Emotional intelligence at work won’t just help you be a better coworker and employee. It is instrumental if you want to become a leader, or a mover and shaker within your field. Figuring out what other people may be thinking, wanting, feeling, and needing, and being sensitive and adaptable to those things will also, of course, make you a better person. Developing these skills would be a win-win personally and professionally, and may just be the secret weapon you need to distinguish yourself and achieve that extra level of success.Here are 5Â  strategies that you can use to start honing (and eventually mastering) your emotional intelligence at work. Start early and see how your career can change.1. Self-AssessIt’s not just about knowing who you are, or what you like, or even what your wants and needs are. It’s not even merely being honest with yourself about your strengths and weaknesses. It’s about understanding these things and having the confidence to w ork from within them, with an aim of accepting your current state, but constantly striving to improve. If you master this, and know exactly where and who you are- in work and in life- you’ll be much better equipped to get where you need to go.2. Self-regulateDevelop your inner Zen master. Keeping your cool in a crisis will help distinguish you for leadership. And being disciplined enough to control your emotions and disruptive or destructive tendencies might eventually reroute them entirely. Cultivate calm and positivity. Worst case scenario, you’ll stress much less. Best case, you’ll become the office guru, then Queen of the Universe.3. Practice empathyYou may think your manager or your co-worker is a total jerk, maybe even an incompetent one. But before you write them off, try to imagine being in their shoes. Are there complicating factors in their lives that you may or may not know about that might be affecting their work or behavior? If you can try and imagi ne how others might be feeling, you’ll be better able to feel for them- and able to exercise compassion. The selfish upside here is that you’ll get much better at understanding what motivates people, and able to maneuver yourself and your team accordingly.4. Relate to peopleReal connections are hard to come by. Cultivate them. Don’t just treat people like stepping stones and distractedly try to maintain your relationships. Work at it. It’s much easier to do if you work on #3 and actually listen to and care about people. And it’s crucial for developing #5.5. CommunicateYou’ve heard a million times that effective communication is the biggest key to leadership and real success. That’s probably because it’s true. Cultivating all of the above skills will help you to avoid misunderstandings, miscommunications, bruised feelings, and mixed signals. It will make your team stronger, and it will make you better- at your job and at your li fe. You’ll have a much easier time developing your sense of purpose and working on your own and with your team to achieve that purpose.

World Population Growth and the Policy of Nations Research Paper

World Population Growth and the Policy of Nations - Research Paper Example This is a complex issue which involves privacy concerns, science concerns, and ethical concerns. This paper will first examine the technical issues with the science behind the issue of population control. Following that, I will elaborate more extensively by examining four separate studies on the subject and the arguments that each study presents. The debate over population growth control deals largely on the question if the potential benefits of preserving our environment; preventing poverty; and preventing slow economic development outweighs the problems posed by the government trying to correct these issues with intervention. By government trying to intervene, it is not certain in predictability or effectiveness of all their policies. In addition, fertility is a very personal issue to most all individuals and attempts to justify government intervention on that basis alone are quite problematic. One of the important science issues with overpopulation is that of water shortage as brought out in a study by Fredrickson. South Asia is a good example of a large water crisis area. As of the year 2009, the region has the largest number of malnourished children in the world in spite of recent economic growth. Approximately 45% of children in India, Nepal, and Bangladesh suffer from poor nutrition, with water shortage being a root cause. As the author brings out, there are 500 million people in three countries relying on the Ganges River. Another of the important science issues with overpopulation is in regards to poverty and famine. Young presents Malawi as a good case study of these issues. The author states that a fairly stable government is in place and the area has an aid present.  

Massage treatment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Massage treatment - Essay Example Another aspect of the sports massage is the increased blood flow by artiolar pressure in the massaged area. Proper stroking and rubbing of the muscle increases the blood flow and temperature. The whole process can be a good alternative of a warm up. There are different kinds of massages and depending on the type of massage used, it can increase or decrease neural excitability which is measured by the Hoffman reflex. The changes in the parasympathetic activity (which is measured by the heart rate, blood pressure and the heart beat variability) and the hormonal activity give more relaxed responses when measured after a massage. This is a result of the physiological activity. A good massage aims to reduce the anxiety and brings improvement in the mood, technically its called relaxation. This would come under the physiological mechanism. All of these benefits help the athlete perform better and decreases the risk of injury. The massages given to athletes during the events are closely mon itored. They are regarded extremely important for the performance of the athlete as they enhance the recovery. Post exercise massages have shown to improve recovery from injury and help reduce the muscle soreness. And the claim that this massage reduces the functionality of the muscle is baseless. Main Body For the first client, there were several massage techniques performed. My first client was a body builder. The regular massage was performed on his left shoulder which had a suspected sprain due to overuse. The massage performed was supposed to increase both micro and macro circulation. The macro circulation was to increase the overall temperature of the muscle and the microcirculation for the tiny organisms that supply the blood to the small tissues. It was critical to perform this ‘warm up’ massage to get the overall muscle toned up and ready for other massage techniques. The sprain in the first client’s shoulder was treated through the massage aimed at redu cing the muscle tension. The massage was performed mainly with the thumb and the first two fingers holding the visible neck and shoulder muscle, gently squeezing in the beginning and gradually increasing the pressure. Repetitive upward and outward motion was performed on the muscle. Later on the massage to relieve the sprain from the shoulder was extended to the back. The massage technique was the famous pressing motion from the back and all the way up to the neck and then pressing outward as if throwing away the muscle tension. The left shoulder was the main focus as oil was continuously applied to it for the proper lubrication to avoid the rigorous friction. The elongated massage was performed throughout the whole massage process. Right after every major new massage technique, the stretching motion was performed. It is very important as it helps in the stretch motion and for the proper blood flow, the healing benefits come along with that. Right after this technique, the massage f ocus was shifted on to be worked into the traps, around the scapula. The motion of the hand was along the direction of the fiber to give it a nice warm feeling, following the whole group of muscle as it goes into the shoulder blade which goes straight into the shoulder itself and into the deltoid. A technique for stretching into the lat was performed where the body builder

5 great leadership qualities Essay Example for Free

5 great leadership qualities Essay Leaders are often portrayed as heroes and role models, but there is also a darker side to being a leader. Adolph Hitler was one of the greatest leaders in the last 100 years, if not the greatest leader of all time. One man had the ability to lead a country, with a population of 20 million people, against the whole world in a vision he saw fit. One man leading Germany out of economic depression after previously being through World War I was an incredible feat. This is indeed what all leaders strive to be. Hitler is one of the best models for inspiring leaders. He exhibited some of the greatest qualities of being a leader, which included the following: vision, eloquence, charisma, strong will, and tyranny. Vision is a manner in which someone conceives something. All leaders must be goal oriented, and Hitler had one of the greatest objectives of all time. He wanted to purge this world of all the Jews, Gypsies, Homosexuals, and anyone else that didnt fit in his definition of the perfect race. His perfect race the Arian race consisted of blonde-haired, blue-eyed Caucasians. Although he was not able to complete his vision, he still fought for it until the end of his life. One of the most outstanding leadership qualities of Hitler was his eloquence. Being eloquent is to be fluent and persuasive in speech. Hitler would stir up the masses with his fervent speeches. This was one of Hitlers greatest assets. He was able to get his audience so passionate and zealous over his goals, that they would follow him regardless of what he said. Imagine in what manner someone must talk with 20 million people in order to persuade them to eradicate a race without moral regret. When he would speak, he would sweat and get so fanatical about his speech that women would cry when he spoke. Another important quality of Adolph Hitler was his charisma. Charisma is a quality attributed to those with an exceptional ability to secure the devotion of a large number of people. Without charisma, a leader can not function successfully. Hitler attained devotion from almost anyone that he spoke to. The German people were ready to fight the rest of the world to achieve the world that Adolph Hitler saw fit. Men were willing to give their  lives to satisfy a single man. Hitler had one of the strongest wills of any man that this world had seen. He refused to allow anyone get in his way. This is what led to World War II. He would even betray the Russians, his one time allies, for not also agreeing with his ideas. His will also helped Germany out of depression. It is said that Germany had the greatest economy it has ever had in the rule of Adolph Hitler. He did this by political maneuvering and strategic planning. His will helped make Germany one of the most powerful countries in the world in its time. In fact, some historians devote the end of the depression due to Adolph Hitler. This is because many governments got out of their economic depression by actually fighting in World War II. This stimulated many countries and helped the world all over. The last of his important qualities was tyranny. A tyrannical government is one in which there is a ruler with absolute power. Tyranny enhanced all of his other traits. This is because if someone did not follow him willingly, they were forced to follow him under his government. A leader demanding absolute power is not a bad thing at all times. It does not allow for confusion within a group and may also lead to more efficiency and cooperation. Hitlers tyranny united Germany under one person and allowed it to challenge anyone that stood in their path. Adolph Hitler may not have been a great person, but he was a great leader. Under his rule, Germany pulled out of an economic depression that was plaguing the rest of the world. Also, Germany stood up once again after a First World War and challenged the world once more. Many people might disagree about him being a great leader because he led Germany to another loss, but this was inevitable because one man cannot stand against the world and hope to win. Nevertheless, Hitler was one of the greatest leaders of all time and should be a template for future leaders.

An Honorable Knight in King Arthurs Court :: Essays Papers

An Honorable Knight in King Arthur's Court Sir Gawain and the Green Knight In a passage of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight (Part2, 640-712), the main character sits upon his steed, Gringolet, in front of King Arthurfs court, adorned in golden armor. He is about to depart in order to look for the Green Knight and the Green Chapel since he is the only knight brave enough to take up the Green Knightfs challenge, in which a volunteer is to strike the Green Knightfs head off with an axe, but in return, he has to present himself in the following year to receive a return blow. By reading this passage closely, readers can see the qualities necessary for being an honorable knight in King Arthurfs court. These attributes are to be devoted to the truth, to risk his life, and to confront the most difficult challenges. Sir Gawain has the symbol of a pentangle on his shield, which represents devotion to the truth and perfection. Since Sir Gawain is committed to the truth, he supports and protects his lord when the Green Knight suddenly appears at King Arthurfs court. In addition, the pentangle represents the number five, which symbolizes perfection: gfive fives were confirmed in this knighth (Norton 216). Since Sir Gawain has heightened senses of sight, smell, sound, taste, and touch, he is also considered to have five qualities of perfect knighthood that are geach linked in other, that end there was none, [a]nd fixed to five points, whose force never failed" (Norton, 216). Wearing the shield with the pentangle is honorable for a knight and can be accomplished only by gaining the token of truth from his lord. While the shield with the pentangle represents an honorable knight, his departure conveys the importance of self-sacrifice for honor. Right before he leaves the court, he says ggood dayh (Norton 216) to everyone, who is sending him off, thinking that he shall never return to the court again. Yet, he courageously departs to look for the Green Knight: gNow armed is Gawain gay, [a]nd bears his lance before, [a]nd soberly said good day, [h]e thought forevermoreh (Norton 216). People are sympathetic to Sir Gawain since they disagree with

Overcoming the Improvement Paradox Essay

Quality improvement programs are designed based on research, a company’s needs and the promise of improving the functioning of a business, both from a management standpoint and in the eyes of the employee. Research proves that they are not only productive, but necessary. In fact it is suggested that without a quality improvement program, businesses may fail. The reality is that most programs end in failure. The European Management Journal has termed this the â€Å"Improvement Paradox.† They have identified an inability of management to implement an improvement program as a dynamic process is the main reason for that failure. The term dynamic is used to identify a process that is ever changing, ongoing, and responsive to the needs of the company and to the needs of the employee. The process must identify issues and concerns and then be implement changes based on those issues and concerns. This is where the process falls short. Failure to monitor the feedback of employees and make necessary changes can lead to â€Å"unanticipated and even harmful side effects.† (2) The internal dynamics of an organization will impact the success or failure of an improvement program. Management needs to recognize three issues prior to implementation of a quality improvement program; what will the trade off be between current performance levels and future performance levels, managers need to ensure that their level of commitment is passed on to employees, and finally, as the program improves, managers will need to shift their focus and adapt for further gains. As stated previously, any improvement effort may have unanticipated events. The first effect noted may be a decrease in production or the time that employees have to focus on output. To overcome this problem, it is recommended that employees not focus on a numerical production quota, but rather devote a certain percentage of each day to working on quality improvement. Without allowing for the change in production, processes will be overlooked and may create a crisis. Managers need to allocate a portion of employee time to improvement efforts, separate of what they need for production. The second challenge is in initiating and sustaining employee commitment to the improvement process. There are two sources of commitment for improvement programs; managerial push and employee pull. Managerial push is the effort to promote improvement efforts of mandate employees to participate. Employee pull refers to an employee’s understanding of the need for improvement and commitment to the process. Employee pull will have the greatest impact on the success of the improvement process. The tendency is for managers to be very enthusiastic initially, but sustaining the enthusiasm becomes difficult. If employees are located in an area that is separate from management or one that is difficult to supervise, the challenge becomes even greater. Self-reinforcing feedback will have the greatest impact on sustaining the improvement process. Employees need to perceive that improvement efforts will be beneficial. In determining the success or benefit of a program, employees measure their expectations with the progress that is made. If expectations are set too high, the improvement process is likely to fail. The improvement goals need to be defined in measurable terms as well as defining a completion date. It is common to underestimate the amount of time needed to complete the improvement goals. If the goals and the timeline are not realistic, it is likely to result in a lack of funds and time available to meet the goals.   Any improvement process requires that the employees be trained for the process and that communication exist between management and employees to allow for a thorough exchange of communication. In addition, an infrastructure needs to be created that will support the process. Seldom will one improvement process cover the entire organization, resulting in a multitude of changes taking place concurrently. Because these processes are taking place in one organization, they must share resources, as in time and money. The benefit is that often the process that helps improve one department can be carried over to another department and implemented, provided there are adequate personnel and resources. Once an improvement process is successful, increased productivity can lead to layoffs. This can create fear in employees and not provide motivation for them to be successful. One way of guaranteeing their success is to provide them with job security if they participate in the program. Successful improvement may also create more demand than an organization is able to meet. This can cause more problems within the organization. Organizations often go into an improvement process without being fully prepared, which ultimately ends in disaster and perhaps with even more challenges than were present previously. Management fails to recognize the organizational and economic challenges that will take place and ultimately stand in their way without adequate planning. Further, organizations fail to plan for the unanticipated effects of improvement training. The overall process is straightforward, but may take more planning than most companies plan for. To improve quality overall is not simply developing a plan and putting into action. It requires assessing where you are and identifying where you would like to be. In the midst of that process, organizations and managers will need to evaluate and reevaluate to determine if they are meeting their goals, and if not, what changes need to be made. Research has proven that total quality management has the ability to improve work settings and improve employee satisfaction, and therefore ultimately improve customer satisfaction and the bottom line. Organizations want quality improvement, however the â€Å"improvement paradox† creates a situation that may not be affordable. If improvement is desired, to what extent are companies willing to accept the unanticipated results? What â€Å"extra† resources are available to deal with changes as they arise? This plan, created to deal with the crises that occur during a â€Å"quality improvement process,† provide an excellent plan for organizations to deal with the changes as they occur. Further, they provide warning for those issues that were not anticipated. Pushing people harder generates immediate, visible returns, but subtle, long-range problems. Changing the organizational processes to help people work smarter, however, can actually cause productivity to fall in the short term. So managers take the safe route and focus on people, usually pressuring for more results and less cost. Unfortunately, most organizations cannot get past that initial boost in productivity in the work harder scenario and the initial sag in the work harder approach. But if you want permanent improvement for your sales organization, it will take an investment in process. There are ways to minimize the sag in productivity, but they may require a corresponding increase in resources assigned at the start. But it can be worth it†¦the vicious cycle of the work harder approach becomes a virtuous cycle where productivity continues at a high level, and profitability climbs dramatically. References Keating, E., Oliva, R., Nelson, P., Rockart, S., Sterman, J. 1999. Overcoming the Improvement Paradox. European Management Journal. As found http://www.isixsigma.com/offsite.asp?A=Fr&Url=http://web.mit.edu/jsterman/www/EMJPaper.pdf

Macbeth vs. Lady Macbeth

In William Shakespeare’s Macbeth, the tragic hero or the great and virtuous character, Macbeth is destined for downfall as he brings suffering and defeat upon himself. However, this statement can be widely debatable, as many would assume that Lady Macbeth also plays an immense role in the murder of Duncan, the beginning of the tragedy. Early in the play, Macbeth encounters three witches or supernatural beings that foretell his future as the new King of Scotland. Intrigued by their prophecies, Macbeth places faith in their words.Macbeth’s wife, Lady Macbeth, is instrumental in his ambition, manipulating him, as they both scheme for greatness. Driven by the will to become King, Macbeth commits the murder of the current King Duncan and continuously murders those that suspect him. He is led to his own destruction as Macduff, a Scottish noble, later kills him. Moreover, although both Macbeth and Lady Macbeth can be considered guilty for the downfall of Macbeth or the tragedy of the play, Macbeth is more to blame as a result of his ruthlessness, his ambitious desires, and his naive character, which allow him to betray his own conscience.Macbeth’s ambitious character and his insatiable lust for power drives him to change his nature towards evil commencing his tragic downfall. Upon hearing the prophecies of the witches, Macbeth immediately ponders about the predictions and creates an idea to murder the King. Macbeth states that the image of Duncan, the current King’s death â€Å"doth unfix my hair† (I. ii. 148) meaning that this image was too horrid to even imagine. Early in the play, the witches only predicted that he would become King but it was Macbeth’s ambitious character that takes it to the next step as he now thrives on the will to become King.Although the King’s death was never mentioned in the prophecies, Macbeth plants the idea in his head that the only way for him to become King, as the predictions stated was to kill Duncan, which creates and displays his lust for power. Macbeth also mentions, â€Å"let not light see my black and deep desires† (I. iv. 58). This is another example in which he now admits this dark character inside him, demonstrating that his valiant, brave character displayed in the beginning of the play is slowly fading away or deteriorating as his ambitious character takes over.Furthermore, by virtue of his honest character, Macbeth admits to himself of his â€Å"vaulting ambition† as he states, â€Å"I have no spur to prick the sides of my intent, but only vaulting ambition, which o’er leaps itself. † (I. vii. 25-27) These lines portray that Macbeth has no other reason to kill Duncan except for his strong desires of wanting to become King. Macbeth’s character as ambitious appears again as even to the eyes of his wife, is seen clearly as lustful for power. Lady Macbeth states â€Å"art not without ambition† proclaiming of his am bitious character.Macbeth’s ambitions is the root cause of his tragic downfall as his lust for power drives him to murder which is the misdeed that places his life at risk and begins his fall from glory. Macbeth as a man with solid morals and a well-established conscience allows himself to be manipulated by other significant characters of the play such as the witches and Lady Macbeth. The witches make two significant appearances in the play, each in which they use equivocation to confuse and manipulate or spark the characters in the play to lead a life of evil.Their first appearance was in front of Banquo and Macbeth in which they praise him as they predict his future as the next King. They know that by calling him â€Å"King hereafter† (i. iii. 53) that it will create desires in his heart and they use these quick phrases or these words placed in paradox to manipulate Macbeth to do something that would earn him that title. Macbeth who has a conscience of his own, allow s himself to create unwanted desires in his heart knowing well that patience is an attribute that only the noble obtain.Macbeth, by the end of his first soliloquy, makes the final decision to not murder the King because in his point of view, â€Å"Duncan both born his faculties so meek† (i. vii. 16-17) and it would be injustice to kill a righteous person but later on changes his mind as he allows his conscience to be moved again by his wife, Lady Macbeth who questions his manhood to achieve the power that they would get if they kill Duncan. She states â€Å"If you durst do it, then you were a man† (i. vii. 56-57) as she tries to convince her husband to go along with Duncan’s murder.Foolishly, Macbeth allows her to change his mind when he could have easily refused proving that he had a mind of his own. The witches near the end of the play manipulate Macbeth once more, but this time it was Macbeth who sought their help therefore getting himself into more trouble. A wise person would make the right decision not to ask the troublesome witches for help, but in Macbeth’s case, he deals with this situation differently as he is again easily manipulated into developing hubris, which leads to his downfall and his tragic ending.Therefore, although Macbeth had a conscience of his own and had the right to make his own decisions, he allowed himself to be manipulated by others, which eventually leads to his own death. Macbeth makes further errors in judgment following his misdeed of killing Duncan as he commits other major crimes, which all precipitate his downfall. For example, the murder of his friend, Banquo. Acting completely on his fear that Banquo’s sons will become King and himself remaining unrecognized, Macbeth decides to kill both Banquo and his son, Fleance.Macbeth knew that he was under suspicion for Duncan’s murder therefore concludes with these two reasons to kill an innocent man and his son. This is proven through Macb eth’s statement made in Act 3. Scene 2. Lines 41-42. Macbeth establishes his fear as he says that he is â€Å"full of scorpions in his mind†. Therefore, this murder was another factor or crime that leads him directly to his downfall. Another crime that Macbeth commits that is unforgivable was when he murdered a mother and a child.To take advantage of the situation, Macbeth kills Macduff’s family, which was a tragic scene as Macduff’s son dies creating pathos in the audience’s heart and depicts Macbeth’s character as mad or insane. These murders portray his downfall as extreme for all the serious sins Macbeth has committed. Macbeth’s desire for power, his ignorance towards his own conscience, and the further crimes he commits portray him as more to blame over Lady Macbeth for his own downfall and death.Throughout the whole play, although Lady Macbeth may seem as the masculine character and the brain behind the murder of Duncan, she pla ys a minor part in Macbeth’s own desires and the further crimes he independently commits that end in his downfall. Lady Macbeth is a significant character but is not more to blame for every tragic hero brings his fate upon himself. Therefore to conclude, Macbeth is more to blame for his own defeat and suffering.

wriggleys essays

wriggleys essays E-marketing can simply be explained as the use of electronic communication to spread the overall objectives of marketing. This process can be achieved by the use of internet based technology such as web sites, digital access such as television or mobile phones or perhaps electronic mail. According to the Chartered Institute of Marketing E-Marketing can identify, anticipate and satisfy customer needs efficiently. So what does it take to make E Marketing work for a company these days? Well, most companies tend to sell goods and services online to the global market. Realizing the potential of the internet and the mass population that logs on daily, companies have begun to reach customers on an impersonal yet, profitable level. So how is this different? Savings, companies can now save on overheads that come with the territory of traditional business methods. Why do customers engage the company on the web? A good website is Key. If people cannot speak to a member of the company in the flesh they want something thats going to keep them occupied and entertained. Does Wrigleys comply with all the above mentioned items? Well, yes and no. When you first log on at www.wrigley.com the web site seems to have a lot to offer however, that is not the case as the consumer proceeds through the pages. The home page has a colourful list of products on the left page and then on the right sports a white background with the various links to other pages. There are some interactive features such as... clicking around but apart from that there is not really anything much the consumer can do to really connect with the product. Well it is chewing gum for gods sake. Very well, point taken but the object of having a website is to spread the news so to speak. Given that the company lists web sites all around the world such as the UK, Sweden, Finland, China and s ...

Air Pollution As A Danger To Humanity

Air Pollution As A Danger To Humanity Air is the ocean we breathe, air supplies us with oxygen which is essential for our bodies to live. However, human activities can release particles into the air, of which can cause problems such as smog, acid rain, the greenhouse effect, and holes in the ozone layer. Each of these problems has serious problems for our health and well being as well as for the whole environment. Therefore, preventing air pollution is not only the duty of an individual but also the responsibilities of all people who are living in this earth. Of great concern is â€Å"emissions† caused by traffic and industries. The negative effects resulting from these emissions are undeniable and there is need to get a lasting solution to the problem. Uses of eco-friendly modes of transport such as bicycles or public electric trains are some of the solutions in solving emissions caused by transport systems. There are other gases such as greenhouse gases that have also been of great concern in the recent past. When released to the air, they are both harmful to human beings and plant life. These gases have been proven to be a cause of global warming which has resulted in increased droughts. In turn, these droughts have been a major cause of fires that increase air pollution. Carbon dioxide is a good indicator of how much fossil fuel is burned. Including how much of other pollutants are emitted as a result. Carbon dioxide is a perfect example of air pollution, the average family in the United States causes air pollution in the following examples transportation, electricity, other home fuel uses and goods and services we buy. The average amount of pollution a average family uses each year is (CO2) eighty five pounds, Nitrogen Oxides three hundred and twenty five pounds, Sulfur dioxide or acid rain four hundred and eleven pounds. The health effects on the air pollution on humans is critical as well. Exposure to emissions of lead, mercury, sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, and ozone-forming nitrogen oxides are hazardous to public health. Toxins like mercury and lead can poison organ systems and can lead to brain damage and death. Other pollutants in the ozone can cause respiratory and other health problems, particularly in children and the elderly. Air polluti on can even lead to either a wide range or a short range of health effects. Over the past thirty years researchers have studied a vast of health effects which are believed to be associated with air pollution exposure. In the respiratory system diseases including asthma and changes in lung function cardiovascular diseases, adverse pregnancy outcomes and even death. Nearly two point five million people die from air pollution each year from outdoor and indoor air pollution. The cause of long term air pollution can last for years or for an entire life time. They can even lead to a persons death. The health effects from air pollution include heart disease, lung cancer, and respiratory diseases. Air pollution can also cause long-term damage to peoples nerves, brain, kidneys, liver, and other organs. Scientists suspect air pollutants cause birth defects. Young children and older adults whose immune systems tend to be weaker, are often more sensitive to pollution. Conditions such as asthma, heart disease, and lung disease can be made worse by exposure to air pollution. The length of exposure and amount and type of pollutants are also factors. In parts of the country where lakes and waterways have been contaminated with mercury from electric power plants, fish are no longer safe to eat because they, too, are contaminated with heavy metal pollutants. Like people, animals, and plants, entire ecosystems can suffer effects from air pollution. Haze which is simila r to smog, is a visible type of air pollution that obscures shapes and colors. Hazy air pollution can even muffle sounds. Air pollution particles eventually fall back to Earth. Air pollution can directly contaminate the surface of bodies of water and soil. This can kill crops or reduce their yield. It can kill young trees and other plants. Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide particles in the air, can create acid rain they mix with water and oxygen in the atmosphere. These air pollutants come mostly from coal-fired power plants and motor vehicles. When acid rain falls to Earth, it damages plants by changing soil composition. Degrades water quality in rivers, lakes and streams, damages crops and can cause buildings and monuments to decay. Like humans, animals can suffer health effects from exposure to air pollution. Birth defects as well as diseases, and lower reproductive rates have all been to air pollution. The reduction of air pollution is a major situation that people need to know about, on how to reduce the pollution and make the environment much safer and healthier. Anybody can take easy steps to compact and make air pollution reduce. Millions of people every day make simple changes in their lives to do this. Taking public transportationinstead of driving a car, or riding a bike instead of traveling in carbon dioxide-emitting vehicles are a couple of ways to reduce air pollution. Avoiding aerosol cans, recycling yard trimmings instead of burning them, and not smoking cigarettes are others. Many people have adapted to using eletronic cars or eletricty to live thier lives besides burning fossil fuels and emitting air pollution into the air.

Immigration and Nationality Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Immigration and Nationality Law - Essay Example e is a possible occurrence that a person may be treated in a way, in their country of origin, that would be classed as a breach of the HRA in the UK; this breach would be imputed back to the UK through its act of deportation, therefore causing a breach in the HRA. These persons are not technically asylum seekers as they are making a claim under the Refugee Convention; therefore this adds additional, albeit limited protections, to persons in fear of abuse. So for the purposes of this discussion they will be defined as asylum seekers. Persons who are looking for a safe place to enjoy their life and freedoms and in some cases obtain their basic needs, i.e., food, water, education†¦ The HRA does not protect a right to basic necessities. This essay begins by focusing on founding human rights principles and the central question that will be discussed is; whether the legal framework of human rights, through the Human Rights Act 1998 (HRA) and the European Convention of Human Rights (EC HR), uphold the principles that these pieces of law were founded upon. This is a similar reaction in other European countries and the most prevalent are the Roma Gypsies and Eastern Europeans; the following discussion will consider this case study to show that immigration law can and has been used to assert racist policies by classing them as economic migrants rather than asylum seekers, which means their financial status will exclude them and the persecution does not meet the standard posed by the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR). Natural rights are the basis for the international human rights of today, however the theory of modern human rights is slightly different as it is no longer purely concerns democratic government, but aims to ensure that gross human rights violations in the world as a whole will be held accountable and hopefully eliminated. Dworkin describes human rights as trumps1 that indicate a powerful set of principles individuals can rely on to protect them from

Is There a Union Revitalisation in Europe and North America Essay

Is There a Union Revitalisation in Europe and North America - Essay Example It cannot be assumed that union revitalization will happen hassle-free. There have been signs of worker self- aggrandizement in certain areas, but there have also been instances of total relapse into passivity in certain spheres. But a new phenomenon that is emerging is the structural changes that have been happening on the union front, and if viewed from the backdrop, it can be argued that there is union revitalization in a new form in Europe and UK. The global alliances that are emerging in labor sector, the increased presence of women, and ethnic minorities in the global workforce, and the new forms of workers organizations like the ‘worker centers’ of USA, have been some indicators of change. Taking into account all these new factors and influences, we can argue that there is a non-traditional kind of union revitalisation in Europe and North America. North America and the European Union have been depending more and more on immigrant laborers to meet their workforce n eeds. There are also attempts going on to assimilate these migratory workers into the host country’s mainstream workforce. In the United States, one in five people is from another nationality (Ohlemacker, 2007). In 2006, the BBC reported that 70,000 people were waiting to get citizenship in the UK (BBC News, 2006). The European Union has made it mandatory for its member nations, â€Å"a ‘duty of equality’ in regard to pay† (Healy and Heery, 2004: p.4). This has opened up a whole lot of equal opportunities and has thus increased the social diversity of the workforce (Healy and Heery 2004: p.4). Women and migrant workers from developing countries have been getting better representation in the wok force in Europe, as a result of this. As this phenomenon alters the social landscape of the work force, it has influenced the general state of towards trade unionism as well. For example, â€Å"the creation of low-paid, insecure, temporary and part-time jobs, which are disproportionately filled by women, minority ethnic citizens and young people† has resulted in a weakening of the bargaining power of the workers and also an increase in â€Å"poverty and†¦ unemployment† among such vulnerable groups (Healy and Heery, 2004, pp.17). In such a scenario, the question is whether the conventional trade unions are waking up to face the new challenges and organize the totally changed work force. There are divergent opinions on this issue. Johnson and Jarley (2004) have drawn attention to the re-emergence of â€Å"social movement unionism in the United States with rhetoric centering on demands for ‘work place dignity’ and ‘social justice’† (543-44). Ongoing rejuvenation efforts inside the trade unions are supposed to aim at reforms that will change the attitude of trade unions â€Å"from passive service organizations, bulti largely on an economic exchange logic with members, to active organising-driven unions, built on a logic of social exchange† (Johnson and Jarley 2004: 544; Heery 2001; Turner and Hurd 2001). In the UK, it has been observed that decentralization of public sector enterprises into local level management, has led to new feelings of insecurity among the workers and has become a â€Å"catalyst for union revival† (Calveley and Healy 2003: 98).  

Business News Event - Article Summaries Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Business News Event - Summaries - Article Example In this article, the strategies that Samsung pursues to attain competitive edge together with the challenges and threats facing the company have been enumerated. The strengths and strategies of the competitors like apple, Nokia and Motorola have also been highlighted. The article will however be used in identifying some of the management concepts and elements that Samsung engaged in to make its products remain relevant in the market where consumer preference determines success. In this article, the management of Samsung recognizes the need to employ foreigners to help in the development of software for their handset. The company targeted the highly talented professionals from India and other nations who were ready and willing to offer their services to improve the quality of the handsets and products that were manufactured. Moreover, this would be a deviation from the company norms and culture whereby the company employees were entirely locals. Organization culture forms an important concept in the operations of businesses and the manner in which businesses conduct their activities (Treat 86). Organization culture is important for branding, identification, and history. It has often been used in developing strategies meant to ensure organization successfully markets its products. From the article, it is clear that managing competition requires high level of flexibility and breaking of organizations norms (KIM 25). Competition determines how management will conduct business and set their prices. Quality must be improved in a bid to ensure that customers prefer a company’s products more than those of competitors. Managing competition therefore requires the commitment of the managers and other important business stakeholders. In the case of Samsung, the company management had to act at the fastest time possible to have the company embrace competition in a the free market. Another management concept that can be learnt from the article is change management. Ch ange can be defines as the alteration of the status quo i.e. making adopting new ways and methods of doing things. In the business scenario, companies have to continuously conduct environmental scan in which they attempt to predict the possible changes in the environment and analyze the impact of such environmental factors on the business performance and operations (KIM 26). Companies that are able to accurately forecast on the possible changes in the environment and formulate policies that may assist in ensuring that the business is not adversely affected will always be in a position to survive and maintain desired growth. From the article, Samsung as a company has been in a position to realize the need to change some of the fundamentals that are necessary in ensuring it enhance efficiency and promote customer satisfaction. The company was in a position to predict the shifts in the market tastes and preferences by the development of smart phones and iPhones. Samsung realized the ne ed to have them change their employee base by employing and engaging employees who are foreigners (Treat 89). The company further went ahead to accept completely adopt new ways of conducting business without really remaining fixed on the mode of their operations. In addition, Samsung increased its investment in research and development in order to support the development of

Use Of Standard And Non Standard English | Examples

Use Of Standard And Non Standard English | Examples Context: The speaker it talking about other musician Lilly Allens anti-file-sharing campaign. Analysis: The speaker uses the word innit which is a reduced form of Standard English isnt it but more widely used. It is used in this case as a general purpose tag meaning is that not the case?. The tendency to add a tag question is very common among Estuary speakers at the Cockney end of the spectrum. Short and snappy tags are particularly popular, just like innit?, right?, do I?. Tag questions do not expect an answer. They are only used to increase a dramatic effect or to check that the person being addressed is actually listening. In this case speaker is trying to increase a dramatic effect of his annoyance with the issue. Item 2 I am gutted to be injured. Speaker: Footballer Wayne Rooney Audience: Readers of Daily Mirror Date: Collected at 23/10/2010 Context: He is talking about that he will not be able to assist United on the pitch because he will spend the next three weeks recovering from an ankle injury. Analysis: Word gutted is a informal (slang) term commonly used all over the country by many speakers. It is also very widely used by footballers after a disappointment like in this case when speaker tells the audience that he is upset about his injury. As Online Slang Dictionary gives the definition as: 1. Upset, disappointed. British slang. (Adjective) Word gutted was added to the OED in its 1993 edition, with quotations going back only to 1984 (but, of course, it could be much older in speech). Their senses for it are: bitterly disappointed; devastated, shattered; utterly fed up. Speaker is using this word to express his disappointment. Item 3 Why, its what Im obliged to keep a little of in the house to put into the blessed infants Daffy, when they aint well, Mr. Bumble, replied Mrs. Mann as she opened a corner cupboard, and took down a bottle and glass. Speaker: Mrs. Mann, one of the characters of Charles Dickinsons novel Oliver Twist. Audience: Novel readers Date: Collected at 10/11/2010 Context: The speaker, Mrs. Mann is a woman who runs the orphanage where Oliver grows up and she is talking with other character Mr. Brumble about orphan children. Analysis: The character use word aint which is a colloquialism and contraction for am not, is not, are not, has not, and have not. Charles Dickens used aint form in the speech of many working- or middle-class characters in his works as a Cockney dialect. It is typically associated with working class citizens of London, who were called cockneys which as a word come from a Middle English cokenei, which means city dweller.This kind of dialect has many primary characteristics and one of them is using aint. Many of the traits of cockney speech suggest the lower classes to some observers and not perfect understanding of the English language. Item 4 I dont want no drink Speaker: Friend Audience: Me Date: Collected at 17/11/2010 Context: Spoken by my friend when I have offered to buy him a drink. Analysis: Speaker uses double negative which is use of more than one negative to make a negative statement. In Old English, the more negative particles thrown in the stronger the negative and I think this is what speaker was trying to achieve. Emphatic double negative has a long history in English. Although today it is used in informal language to intensify a negative meaning, its considered unacceptable in Standard English language. It is because of the construction of standard language. When we use double negatives they are canceling each other out, leaving a positive meaning, rather than intensifying a negative. Item 5 Hes my mate. Speaker: Friend Audience: Me Date: Collected at 10/11/2010 Context: Conversation between me and my friend on Facebook about his close friend. Analysis: Speaker used the word mate. It is a non-standard from and in Standard English we would use friend. Word mate is tend to use by Estuary English speakers. In this case speaker is using this form with intention to create a bond of solidarity with the person being addressed. Mate is a social class word and tends to be dropped by Estuary speakers as they progress up the social scale. Item 6 Still, You gotta admit Speaker: One of the characters in teenagers comic book Buffy the Vampire Slayer. Audience: Teenagers Date: Collected at 10/11/2010 Context: Dialog between two characters in comic book. Context: This word is used as a short for got to. It is form of non-standard English and is we change it to standard form it will say You got to admit. This form is used because teenagers are the audience, and it is mainly used by them as a slang word. So by using this form the author makes a piece easy to read and understand for young audience. Item 7 C U later. Speaker: My friend Audience: Me Date: Collected at 15/11/2010 Context: Text message received from my friend. Analysis: This message is written in nonstandard English. SMS language does not always obey or follow standard grammar. In Standard English this sentence should say I will see you later. SMS language is a term for the abbreviations and slang most commonly used due to the necessary brevity of mobile phone messaging. It can be likened to a rebus, which uses pictures and single letters or numbers to represent whole words. For words which have no common abbreviation, users most commonly remove the vowels from a word, and the reader is required to interpret a string of consonants by re-adding the vowels. This type of language is used because it saves more time in communicating between each other. Item 8 To move is to stir; and to be valiant is to stand: therefore, if thou art moved, thou runnst away. Speaker: Gregory, on of the characters of William Shakespeare play Romeo and Juliet. Audience: Readers Date: Collected at 18/11/2010 Context: Dialog between two characters in a play. Analysis: Shakespeare uses word thou. The word thou (in most dialects) is a second person singular pronoun in English. It is now largely archaic and its been replaced in almost all contexts by you. It is now used today as a Standard English language but it is still used in parts of Northern England, some Scots dialects, and a handful of US towns. Item 9 The internet is often held up as the main reason for declining newspaper sales and dwindling revenues. Speaker: University of Oxford on University website. Audience: Readers of the website Date: Collected at 15/11/2010 Context: Article about The future of the international news industry. Analysis: It is Standard English Language. It is used because it is spoken by University of Oxford which use high level of spoken language and use correct grammar. Item 10 Every time you open your mouth to speak, there are infinite possibilities in terms of the words which you might choose and their potential combinations. Speaker: Teachers notes Audience: Students Date: Received month ago Context: Notes about language Analysis: Teacher used Standard Language because of the importance of notes, document for students which should be written in this form of language. Section 3 There is a big argument about if strong accents and dialects are dying out. It is important first to explain meaning of those two terms which are used very often interchangeable but in linguistic terms they refer to different aspects of language variation. Accent as a term is reserved for whole patterns of pronunciation typical of a particular region or social group. The term dialect covers more differences including pronunciation and distinctions in vocabulary and sentence structure. Based on many surveys, researchers declare that its a big misunderstanding that regional dialects and accents in English Language are disappearing. They try to prove that all languages are constantly changing and some words will disappear from common use only to be replaced by other. Those changes might be a result of political or social pressures, such immigration, colonisation or invasion. Language changes the most by people influencing each other. Through interactions with speakers of different age, gender and ethnicity, social and educational background and from different geographical places we encounter and integrate in our own speech new words, pronunciations and expressions. Work of Lesley Milroy shows how open social networks are important factors in language change. I her famous study in Belfast she investigated three poor working -class communities with a high incidence of unemployment: Ballymacarrell, Hammer and Clonard and she were introduced to them as a friend of a friend. She was able to maintain contact with these groups over a period of time during which she was able to investigate the connection between the integration of individuals in the community and the way they speak. She incorporated into her analysis a description of two types of social networks to which her speakers belonged: open in which the number of community ties in the network is low (not everyone knows everyone else) and closed in which each member of the network has several ties with other member s of network. Result of her study showed the importance of closed networks for dialect maintenance. Those networks tend to be conservative force on change in language in the community. They enable people to maintain non-standard dialects, rural or urban, despite pressure from standard language through education or media. Because people are tend to be more socially and geographically mobile these days we are more possible to live in opened networks and those present more favorable conditions for language change as such networks lack a linguistic norm of their own. There is another increasing evidence that Standard English dialects are coming under pressure by Estuary English, regional varieties spoken in and around London and as the originator of the term ,David Rosewarne, described it :a mixture of non-regional and local south-easter English pronunciation and intonation (Rosewarne,1994: 3).The broadcast media are playing the biggest role in these changes. Sociolinguists (Stuart-Smith et al., 2006) have observed that young working-class adolescents in Glasgow, who had no direct contact with Southern English but are keen viewers of network soap operas such as Eastenders, are capable of reproducing Media Cockney forms in spontaneous interaction with each other. This shows how broadcast media are opening up a repertoire of different speaking styles (including accents) especially for younger speakers and how they influence them. Through many years, some English dialects have been treated more positively than others. People always have been making assumptions based on the way how we speak by judging some dialects or accents as being too posh, aggressive, unfriendly, harsh, unintelligent or common. For example speakers of prestige accent, known as Received Pronunciation (RP) are rated more highly than regionally accented speakers in terms of general competence (e.g. ambition, intelligence, self-confidence, determination and industriousness. This accent was spoken by merchant classes of London in the fourteen century and was familiar to students attending the universities of Oxford and Cambridge in the Middle Ages and today it is a preferred pronunciation for reading BBC news bulletins and for teaching English as a second language. This is how use of RP by members of middle and upper classes was a sign of prestige and status when more regionally marked accents were treated opposite. In conclusion : the higher u p the social scale, the more likely is to find the single accent-RP, the lower down the social scale, the more likely is to find regional variation. This is how Birmingham accent is often disliked in terms of its nasal whine, because of its association with a large industrial conurbation. Much more positive reaction will be registered for the Southern Irish accent which will be praised for sounding soft and warm. Same as other accents with similar ethnic rural associations such as Welsh, Scottish and West Country accents will evoke positive judgments. Many people suffer because of this irrational prejudice. Im polish and I speak with a different accent and most of the time people are making deductions from it about my person, my job, character and my status. But I believe that the fact that we judge some of the dialects and accents as more posh or intelligent than others is based more on social, rather than linguistic criteria. I think dialects and accents should be a source of pride and a reflection of cultural identity but in the same time I think that language change should not be perceived as a negative thing. Most of the contemporary linguistic commentators accept those changes in language like changes in society which are unavoidable. English language has always been changing and will continue to do so, but I think we need to think about this as a positive process, process occasionally regrettable but mostly the one which is renewing and refreshing English language making it flexible and very modern but still showing huge li nks to its past. Section 4 Use of standard and non-standard English may cause many difficulties in many educational situations. To explain this I would like to concentrate first on what standard and non-standard language is. Standard language is the type of language which is thought as a correct in schools, using correct grammar and avoiding slang words and expressions and mostly used in formal situations. This type of language is written in a correct form of spelling and it is spoken in a standard accent such as English Received Pronunciation. Non-standard language is mostly used in informal situations and its using grammars and words and accents which are special to a particular place. It often contains expressions which are regarded as incorrect in standard language. Children first identify themselves with language of their parents and they construct language system which accords well with those around them. As they increasingly interact with siblings and other relatives, they learn the language of interaction with peers or language of the neighborhood (the local dialect).In school they meet different form of language, Standard English. Therefore they start to learn that they have different identities which they share with their families, friends and community and that they have a linguistic loyalty to them. Children usually cope well with this mismatch: they learn there is a school language and how to switch from that language to language they speak at home. This process is called code switching. But it also cause lots of difficulties and teachers are trying to help children to become more aware of the grammatical differences between the formal Standard English and the informal home language. These way children learn how to select appropriate la nguage to use in the given context. As a part of a government pilot programme, banning British children from speaking patois in school, student at one of the schools at South London were taught that speaking non-standard language is only appropriate in certain circumstances and that they need to use Standard English. Inspectors found that children were using very often in their work local speech, colloquial phrases and Creole. Bill Cosby, one of the most famous American comedians was backing up this campaign. He was mainly concerned about constant use of street slang contributing to educational failure of black pupils, particularly boys from Afro-Caribbean backgrounds. This playground patois has become the only way of communication for some children very badly affecting their educational achievements. Emma Thompson, famous British actress also commented about the necessity of speaking two different types of English. Her comments were based on recent studies which have shown that hal f of teenenagers cant see the difference between Standard English grammar and colloquial language. This is all happening because of use of social networking websites and the popularity of mobile phone text messaging which is undermining childrens literacy skills. Also TV programmes which use a great deal of slang are an issue. Some parents and teachers have complained in the past that children are picking up slang and catchphrases from watching TV programs, and the hearing poor English on television can affect the way kids write and speak. Even some of the MPs were worried about the use of slang and non-standard English on children shows. They were worried that children would pick up bad habits and they will start using some of the phrases like aint and you was. I think teachers should have a biggest impact on children in using the right form of language by showing children that all equivalent forms of language are correct when they are used appropriately. Instead of regarding that Standard English is correct in all cases and outlawing all dialect forms we need to explain to students that both, their Standard English and local dialects are good to use but in the different context for which they are appropriate. Secondly teachers should encourage students to use spoken Standard English in the classroom, not by correcting them but by giving them experience of speaking in many different kinds of public roles such as judges, newsreaders or interviewers. They could take part in oral presentations presented to several classes or even had a chance to ask questions some of the visitors to the school like of policemen or firemen. Children should be able to see difference between standard language and colloquial language and should be able to know when to use it. I believe not being able to do so could hugely affect their future. Children who are only fluent in non-standard language are more likely to have problems in academic field. Those who only speak nonstandard form of English have often difficulty reading and writing with proficiency in Standard English. This leads to situation that children are uneducated and in a future they are less likely to advance their careers. Using proper language overall leads to higher pay jobs, bigger social mobility and a great social success. It creates powerful impression when we speak Standard English. Other people see us as intelligent and well informed when we use correct grammar and when we show high level of vocabulary. It opens up opportunities that are closed for those who use any form of non-standard language. Bibliography Class notes Assorted information for Access English Language Level 3 Coggle, P. (1993). Do you speak Estuary? Bloomsbury Milroy, J. Milroy, L. (1999). Authority in Language: Investigating Standard English. 3rd edn. London and New York: Routledge. Milroy, L. (1980). Language and social networks. 3rd edn. Oxford. Milroy, L. (1987). Observing and Analysing Natural Language: A Critical Account of Sociolinguistic Method. London: Basil Blackwell. Montgomery, M. 1995. An introduction to language and society. 3rd edn. London. http://www.mirror.co.uk/celebs/latest/2009/09/27/musician-slams-file-sharing-rant-115875-21705142/ http://www.mirror.co.uk/sport/latest/2010/10/23/rooney-determined-to-regain-form-115875-22652926/ http://www.online-literature.com/dickens/olivertwist/3/ http://www.bbc.co.uk/cult/buffy/ecomics/baddog/02.shtml http://shakespeare.mit.edu/romeo_juliet/romeo_juliet.1.1.html http://www.ox.ac.uk/media/news_stories/2010/101122.html